Some meta-analyses of LRYGB versus LSG have been performed before, but obvious shortcomings remain. Some studies suggest that LSG is easier and faster to perform and potentially safer compared with LRYGB, while some indicate that LRYGB is more potent than LSG. However, there is a sharp trend towards the utilization of LSG over the last decade and a decline in the use of LRYGB. Among these techniques, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) have gained the most popularity. Primary bariatric procedures include Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (AGB), laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), mini-gastric bypass/one anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB/OAGB), biliopancreatic diversion/duodenal switch (BPD/DS), and single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI). Compared with various strategies, including medications, behavior changes, and diet therapy, bariatric surgery is still recognized as the most effective treatment for weight loss and improvements of the associated comorbidities. Being overweight is accepted as a risk factor for serious health issues, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, diseases, or even cancers. With its increasing prevalence, obesity has become a global public health problem over the past few decades. LRYGB was associated with more complications than LSG. In addition, no differences were observed in the quality of life after LRYGB or LSG. For weight loss, LRYGB had better long-term effects than LSG. This meta-analysis showed that LRYGB was more effective than LSG in comorbidities’ resolution or improvement in short term. LRYGB achieved a higher EWL% than LSG (after 3 years, WMD 5.48, 0.13–10.84. Twenty-three articles with 7443 patients were included. The meta-analysis was performed by the RevMan 5.3 software. MethodsĪ systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to December 2018. Prepublished March 9, 2021.To systematically and comprehensively evaluate the differences between laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) versus sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in obese patients. A comparison of children’s reading on paper versus screen: A meta-analysis. Read the press release: " Analysis Finds that Digital Picture Books Harm Young Children’s Learning-Unless the Books Have the Right Enhancements. Findings are discussed in relation to the cognitive load theory and practical design implications. An embedded dictionary had no or negative effect on children’s story comprehension but positively affected children’s vocabulary learning. However, with story-congruent enhancements, digital books outperformed paper books. Adults’ mediation during print books’ reading was more effective than the enhancements in digital books read by children independently. The comparison of digital versus paper books that only differed by digitization showed lower comprehension scores for digital books. We quantitatively reviewed 39 studies reported in 30 articles (n = 1,812 children) and compared children’s story comprehension and vocabulary learning in relation to medium (reading on paper versus on-screen), design enhancements in digital books, the presence of a dictionary, and adult support for children aged between 1 and 8 years. This meta-analysis examines the inconsistent findings across experimental studies that compared children’s learning outcomes with digital and paper books. Bus, University of Stavanger, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Natalia Kucirkova, University of Stavanger, The Open University, UKĪdriana G. May Irene Furenes, University of Stavanger